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Sleep and insomnia
Insomnia is an experience of inadequate or poor quality sleep, characterized by: difficulty falling or maintaining sleep, waking up too early and/or nonrefreshing sleep. As a consequence during the day tiredness, lack of energy, difficulty concentrating and/or irritability is experienced. Acute insomnia appears in 30-40% of adults and chronic or severe insomnia in 10-15%. Insomnia increases with age and is more common in women. Acute insomnia is often caused by emotional or physical discomfort : stress, illness or disturbances, such as noise, light and temperature.
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What is melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone made by a part of the brain called the pineal gland. Melatonin may help our bodies know when it's time to go to sleep and when it's time to wake up. Melatonin supplements (in pill form) can also be taken. There are two types of melatonin that may be used in these pills: natural and synthetic (man-made). Natural melatonin is made from the pineal gland of animals. This form could be contaminated with a virus and is not recommended. The synthetic form of melatonin does not have this risk.
General Information
Melatonin
is a hormone produced naturally in the pineal gland at the base of the brain.
It is important in regulating sleep, and may play a role in maintaining circadian rhythm, the body's natural time clock.
Natural melatonin production decreases with age, and the decrease is associated with some sleep disorders, particularly in the elderly.
The use of melatonin supplements became popular in the mid-1990s as a way of treating insomnia
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Who should not take melatonin
Do not take melatonin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant or could become pregnant. It is not known whether melatonin will harm an unborn baby. Do not take melatonin without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. It is also not known whether melatonin will harm a nursing infant. There is no information available regarding the use of melatonin by children. Do not give any herbal/health supplement to a child without first talking to the child's doctor.
How should I take melatonin
The use of melatonin in cultural and traditional settings may differ from concepts accepted by current Western medicine. When considering the use of herbal/health supplements, consultation with a primary health care professional is advisable. Additionally, consultation with a practitioner trained in the uses of herbal/health supplements may be beneficial, and coordination of treatment among all health care providers involved may be advantageous. If you choose to take melatonin, use it as directed on the package or as directed by your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
How is melatonin used
Melatonin can be used to treat insomnia (difficulty falling a sleep and/or staying a sleep). It can also be taken to prevent jet lag. Beyond that, there is little scientific evidence that melatonin has a role in promoting health or treating disease.
Does melatonin have side effects
Some people who have taken melatonin have reported sleepiness, headache, a "heavy-head" feeling, stomach discomfort, depression or feeling hungover. Further study is needed to find out more about melatonin's side effects, especially delayed or long-term effects. For example, we don't know if melatonin causes problems when taken with other medicines.
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